Buying a Home in Retirement Without a Paycheck
A lot of retirees assume that once the paycheck stops, so does their ability to qualify for a mortgage. That's not true, and it's one of the more underused tools in home financing. If you're retired or living off investments and shopping for a home in Sacramento, Placer, or El Dorado County, here's how lenders can use your savings itself as qualifying income.
What asset depletion actually means
Asset depletion (sometimes called "asset as income") lets a lender convert your liquid assets into a monthly income figure for qualifying purposes, instead of requiring W-2 wages or a pension. Fannie Mae's version works roughly like this:
The lender identifies your eligible liquid and near-liquid assets: checking, savings, brokerage accounts, and certain retirement accounts. They subtract whatever you need for your down payment, closing costs, and any required reserves, so you're not double-counting the same money. What's left gets divided by the remaining term of the loan in months. A 30-year loan divides by 360, a 20-year loan by 240. That monthly result is used as your qualifying income, the same way a lender would use a salary (LendFriend).
The age-62 rule most people haven't heard of
Your age changes how much of your home's value can come from asset-depletion qualifying. Under Fannie Mae's guideline, borrowers under 62 are generally limited to a maximum 70% loan-to-value when relying on asset depletion, while borrowers 62 or older can go up to 80% loan-to-value. On a joint application, having at least one borrower who's 62 or older is enough to unlock the higher threshold (LendFriend). In practical terms, that means a larger down payment is often expected from younger borrowers using this strategy, and retirees closer to or past 62 have more flexibility.
What counts, and what doesn't
Cash accounts, brokerage accounts, mutual funds, stocks, bonds, and retirement accounts with funds you can actually access generally count. Unvested stock options, RSUs that haven't vested, cryptocurrency, and accounts you can't document or access freely generally don't (LendFriend).
Retirement accounts get some special handling. If you're under 59½, early withdrawal penalties may need to be factored into the calculation, which can reduce the usable value below the account's stated balance. This is exactly the kind of detail that's easy to get wrong doing napkin math and worth having your loan officer run properly.
Who this actually helps
This isn't just for people who are fully retired. It's useful for anyone with substantial investment or retirement assets but limited traditional income on paper: someone semi-retired and consulting occasionally, a business owner who sold their company, or a spouse whose income comes mostly from a portfolio rather than a job. If you've been told you don't qualify because you "don't have income" in the traditional sense, this is worth a second look before you assume that's the final answer.
What it isn't
Asset depletion is not a way to inflate your buying power beyond what your actual assets can reasonably support, and it's not guaranteed to get you a specific loan amount or approval. It's a qualifying method, evaluated the same way any other income source is evaluated, alongside your credit, other debts, and the property itself.
FAQ: Asset Depletion Loans
Do I have to be fully retired to use asset depletion income? No. It's available to anyone whose qualifying situation fits the guideline, whether they're fully retired, semi-retired, or simply living primarily off investment income.
Does my house or car count as an asset for this calculation? No. This applies to liquid and near-liquid financial assets like bank and brokerage accounts, not real estate or personal property.
Can I combine asset depletion income with a small pension or Social Security? Often, yes. Many borrowers use a blend of actual income sources plus asset depletion. Your loan officer can walk through your specific combination.
Is this the same thing as a reverse mortgage? No, they're different products entirely. Asset depletion is a way to qualify for a standard forward mortgage using your assets as income. A reverse mortgage is a separate loan type with its own structure and repayment rules.
This is general information based on Fannie Mae guidance as of September 2026. Eligible asset types, age thresholds, and loan-to-value limits can vary by lender and loan program, so confirm the specifics for your situation before assuming a particular qualifying amount.